Listens: 1 557 Downloads: 290 Bookmarks: 2 Styles:Tech House, Dark Progressive Duration: 57:57 BPM: 120 Size: 132.6Mb Recording: 8 April 2016 Publication: 8 April 2016 14:16
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Уда́рный кра́тер — углубление, появившееся на поверхности космического тела в результате падения другого тела, меньшего размера. Крупный ударный кратер (более2 кмв диаметре) на поверхностиЗемлиназываютастроблема(отдр.-греч.αστρον — «звезда» игреч.βλημα — «рана», то есть «звёздная рана»). Термин «астроблема» введён в1960 годуРобертом Дицем. Само событие (ударметеорита) иногда называюти́мпактом(отангл.impact — «столкновение») илии́мпактным событием. На Земле обнаружено около150 астроблем.
Animpact crateris an approximately circulardepressionin the surface of aplanet,moon, or other solid body in theSolar Systemor elsewhere, formed by thehypervelocityimpactof a smaller body with the surface. In contrast tovolcanic craters, which result from explosion or internal collapse,impact craters typically have raised rims and floors that are lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain. Impact craters range from small, simple, bowl-shaped depressions to large, complex, multi-ringed impact basins.Meteor Crateris perhaps the best-known example of a small impact crater on Earth. Impact craters are the dominant geographic features on many solid Solar System objects including theMoon,Mercury,Callisto,Ganymedeand most small moons andasteroids. On other planets and moons that experience more active surface geological processes, such asEarth,Venus,Mars,Europa,IoandTitan, visible impact craters are less common because they becomeeroded, buried or transformed bytectonic sover time. Where such processes have destroyed most of the original crater topography, the termsimpact structureor astrobleme are more commonly used. In early literature, before the significance of impact cratering was widely recognised, the termscryptoexplosionor cryptovolcanic structure were often used to describe what are now recognised as impact-related features on Earth.
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